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2021年省公务员行测考试:资料分析解题中2组常见易混淆概念

分类:笔试题库 考试题库 行测 705 0

2021年省公务员行测考试:资料分析解题中2组常见易混淆概念

资料分析在行测中的重要性不言而喻,但这个专项却又让考生又爱又恨。相信同学们都有这样的感觉,每次做资料分析,不管怎么样都会错几题,具体原因是什么呢?其实除了计算能力有待提高之外,同学们还需要注意一些常见的陷阱——也就是一些非常容易混淆的概念。


一、百分数与百分点


百分数:是一种表达比例的方法,如:比重、增长率、利润率。


百分点:是指不同时期以百分数的形式表示的相对指标的变动幅度。如2019年增速为20%,2020年增速为30%,则2020年的增速提高了10个百分点。


例题展示


【例题】第一产业增加值占国内生产总值的比重为10.0%,第二产业增加值的比重为43.9%,第三产业增加值的比重为46.1%,第三产业增加值占比首次超过第二产业。


问:2013年,我国第三产业增加值占国内生产总值的比重比第二产业:


A.高2.2个百分点   B.高2.2%


C.多12520亿元     D.高3.2个百分点


【解析】A。第三产业占比为46.1%,第二产业占比为43.9%,故相差46.1%-43.9%=2.2%,结果读作“高2.2个百分点”,故答案为A选项;B项表达方式错误;C项无法求解;D项计算错误。


二、增加值、增长率、增长量


增加值:指常住单位生产过程创造的新增价值。其实在资料分析中,“增加值”没有这么复杂,我们把它看作一个专有名词即可,并非需要计算变化量。


增长率:本质即为变化的速率,描述变化的快慢,问法末尾没有单位。


增长量:本质即为变化的差额,描述变化的多少,问法末尾有单位。


例题展示


【例题】2019年广州市地区生产总值为23628.60亿元,比上年增长6.8%。其中,第一产业增加值251.37亿元,增长3.9%;第二产业增加值6454.00亿元,增长5.5%;第三产业增加值16923.23,增长7.5%;


问题①:2019年广州市第三产业增加值占全市地区生产总值的比重为( )


A、27.3%   B、43.2%   C、71.6%   D、80.3%


【解析】C。本题所求为“第三产业增加值”的现期比重,列式为16923.23÷23628.60≈71.X%,故答案为C选项。


问题②:2019年广州市第二产业增加值的同比增长量为( )


A、 312.7亿元   B、336.5亿元   C、375.3亿元   D、408.2亿元


【解析】B。本题所求为“第二产业增加值”的增长量,列式为\,选择最接近的B选择,故答案为B选项。


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